Friday, May 29, 2020

The Supernatural and Its Discontents in Frankenstein and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde - Literature Essay Samples

Dr. Jekyll and Victor Frankenstein decided to push the boundaries of science and take the supernatural into their own hands. Both of the scientists’ experiments yielded creations that got out of control, but the men had very different intentions in mind when creating these monstrosities, as well as having opposite reactions to the fruits of their labor. Jekyll created Hyde, his evil alter-ego, because it allowed him to live out his repressed indecent desires without feeling guilty about it, and this gave him the sense of youth and power that he lacked while living respectably as Dr. Jekyll. Victor Frankenstein had no intentions of creating an evil being, and was horrified immediately after doing so. Dr. Jekyll planned to create evil, and was delighted to live a portion of his waking life as the wild and remorseless Hyde, hardly feeling guilty in retrospect. Frankenstein was simply trying to bring an inanimate object to life, and was not ready to act as the creature’s gu ardian when he succeeded, causing it to violently lash out in hopes of revenge. The skilled scientists both pushed the limits of biological science, but for different reasons. Victor’s mother passed away due to scarlet fever, and this greatly upset Victor, likely sparking his interests in the possibilities of returning life to the inanimate. Jekyll was fascinated by the idea of separating the good and evil parts of the human personality, because he himself had both a good and evil side. He explained, â€Å"I had learned to dwell with pleasure. . . on the thought of the separation of these elements. . . If each†¦ could but be housed in separate identities, life would be relieved of all that was unbearable† (Stevenson 91). He felt that â€Å"man is not truly one, but two† (Stevenson 90), and set out to create a monstrous alter-ego that would allow him to act on his unknown but self-professed, and repressed, morbid inner desires. Victor was scientifically ambi tious, but did not necessarily have bad intentions, while Jekyll certainly did. Victor Frankenstein created a totally separate being, and did not plan on it being violent. The creature only turned violent after it did not receive the acceptance or nurturing that it required. Jekyll created another identity within himself. But it seems as if Hyde had already existed inside of Jekyll, and the potion that Jekyll created essentially allowed Hyde to finally appear uncaged free from any intervention of Jekyll’s morality after being repressed for so long. Both of the scientists worked obsessively to create their respective monsters, but had very different initial reactions to their creations coming to fruition. Jekyll was delighted to transform into Hyde, as he explained, â€Å"There was something strange in my sensations, something indescribably new and. . . incredibly sweet. . . I knew myself at the first breath of this new life, to be. . . tenfold more wicked. . . and the though t braced and delighted me like wine† (Stevenson 94). Turning into Hyde made him feel younger and stronger than his normal straight-laced, aging self. Victor was appalled by his creation throughout its entire existence, from the very moment that it came to life. This was surprising because of how incredibly hard he worked for months in order to achieve the creation of life. When first reading Frankenstein, it could safely have been assumed that Victor Frankenstein would be elated when he finally had success at completing his project. But this was certainly not the case, as it was when Jekyll was initially successful at transforming into Hyde. The scientists’ experiments both had negative influences on the people around them, as both of their creations killed people. Victor felt remorse for the terrible things that his monster did, but apparently not guilty enough to come forward and tell people, because he was convinced people would label him as crazy. After Victor died , even the monster himself looked back on his prior violence with regret. But Jekyll hardly felt any sense of guilt, because in his mind it was Hyde that did all of those terrible things, and he considers himself and Hyde to be two completely separate entities. Jekyll said in his farewell note, â€Å"Henry Jekyll, with streaming tears of gratitude and remorse, had fallen upon his knees and lifted his clasped hands to God. . . as the acuteness of this remorse began to die away, it was succeeded by a sense of joy† (Stevenson 107). He felt bad about Hyde’s actions for just a moment, and then took joy in realizing that he was safe from consequences by living as the unassuming Dr. Jekyll. Jekyll had evil intentions in mind when creating Hyde, while Victor did not appear to have bad intentions when creating what eventually became a monster, but started out as a pure and kind creature. Victor Frankenstein seemed mainly interested in bringing life to the creature that he sewed together, but never considered what to do with it afterwards. He was obsessed with putting the parts together and bringing his project to life, but he did not intend on using the creation for any specific purpose once it came to be. On the other hand, Jekyll made the conscious decision to create Hyde in order to act on his desires without causing people to lose respect for him. Frankenstein was interested in the process and the discovery itself, while Jekyll was more interested in the actual utility of his creation, which he used to his personal advantage. Frankenstein did not think about the potential consequences of his creation, whereas Jekyll thoroughly pondered the consequences beforehand, and figured that his pristine outer appearance would prevent anyone from catching onto the fact that he and Hyde are just two peas in a pod. He thought so far ahead into the future, that he created a will stating that in case of his death, or unexplained disappearance, all of his possessions should be turned over to Edward Hyde. This certainly drew some attention to Jekyll and Hyde’s mysterious relationship. Even though Jekyll does not seem to feel much remorse for Hyde’s actions, it is interesting that he makes an active attempt to fix some of the wrongs that Hyde committed. He may not feel all that terrible about Hyde’s wrongdoings, but it seems as if Jekyll does feel slightly remorseful deep down. Because otherwise, he would not have felt any need at all to go and mend some of Hyde’s misconducts, or make up for them by acting particularly kind and charitable when taking the form of Dr. Jekyll. While at the same time, Victor feels much more guilty about his creation’s violent attacks, but never steps forward or makes an attempt to prevent the monster from hurting anyone. It is strange that Jekyll, the man with malevolent intentions from the very beginning tries to make up for Hyde’s wrongs, even though he generally does not seem to feel any sense of guilt, â€Å"Henry Jekyll stood at times aghast before the acts of Edward Hyde. . . but the situation was apart from ordinary laws. . . It was Hyde, after all, and Hyde alone, that was guilty† (Stevenson 99). Literally Jekyll does not even consider feeling remorse. While Victor, who did not have bad intentions when making his creation, watched an innocent girl get executed amongst other avoidable deaths and still did not admit to anyone that he had let loose a monster. Clearly Jekyll was not going to admit to anyone that he created a monster because creating Hyde let him live how he had wanted to all along. Dr. Jekyll and Victor Frankenstein both experimented with the idea of creation, but Jekyll had malicious intent while Victor did not. Jekyll was happy that his plan worked and he was able to express his urges without feeling guilty about it. Jekyll did not feel very remorseful about Hyde’s actions because he considers Hyde to be a totally s eparate individual, when in reality he is just the darker side of Jekyll, lacking any ethical restrictions. These two stories are very different than each other, yet eerily similar in some ways. Both men created beings who continually became more powerful and violent, eventually overcoming their creators. The scientists were both excited about their experiments, but Victor was dealt a hand that he was not ready for, while Jekyll was more than pleased about finding the secret to separating the good and evil parts of his personality. Works CitedShelley, Mary Wollstonecraft. Frankenstein. London: Penguin, 2003. Print.Stevenson, Robert Louis. The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Lincoln: U of Nebraska, 1990. Print.

Saturday, May 16, 2020

William Butler Yeats And His Life - 1810 Words

Who knows when a Nobel Prize would have been given to an Irish man if it had not been for William Butler Yeats? William Butler Yeats is a great figure in the history of Irish poetry and playwriting. He wrote many poems and plays throughout his entire life. He was a very modernist man and many of his poems were based on this, they were ahead of his time beautiful and inspiring. What was behind William Butler Yeats success, and what phases did he have to go through to get there. This man has influenced many poems and plays, writing and he has also inspired so many people around the world. William Butler Yeats was born on June 13th, 1865 Dublin, Ireland. His death was in a hotel on January 28th, 1939 in Menton, France. His father, John Butler Yeats was a lawyer who turned to be an artist. His mother Susan Pollexfun was from a wealthy family, who owned a shipping business. He grew up in Sligo, Ireland, Dublin Ireland and London England. He married at forty years of age to George Hyde and had two children a girl by the name of Anne and then a boy named Michael. He believed that he had the willpower to do anything that as long as he had it he could succeed at anything he put his mind to. This belief of willpower had come from pagan roots. William Yeats was a person who could not stand rudeness in any way shape or form; he was quick to put a rude person in their place. Yeats was very good at speaking; he was especial quick at winning arguments or discussions. At first, WilliamShow MoreRelatedThe Second Coming by William Butler Yeats751 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Butler Yeats is considered to be one of the greatest poets of the twentieth century. As stated in an online source, â€Å"he belonged to the protestant, Anglo-Irish minority. Yeats was not a set person, in his earlier life he lived in London. Also, Yeats had a very interesting love life as a poet. It is very clear that he was an explanatory poet. Ones objective of this paper is to identify and discuss the significance of William Butler Yeats. However, the minority Yeats belonged to belongedRead MoreEssay on The Life of William Butler Yeats945 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Butler Yeats is a famous Irish poet, yet as a student he did not do so well in his Math and English course. During his education, it was known that he did remarkably poor in mathematics and language as student. Is that surprising that a well-known poet, such as William, to be a poet if he did not do well in language? As being a famous poet for what he is known for now, one must expect that he would succeed well in just category. However, not everyone success was built on success. The lifeRead MoreThe Most Famous Poet By William Yeats841 Words   |  4 PagesByzantium by William Yeats) William Butler Yeats is considered the most famous poet throughout the modernism era. The most memorable writings are considered romantic visionary writings; romantic meaning looking towards that past and visionary looking towards the future. Throughout the twentieth century these ideas were not very popular or even talked about very often. Yeats had a new approach that drew people in and made them realize the idealism of these ideas. Because of this it made William Yeats theRead More Analysis of William Butler Yeats Poems Essay1361 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of William Butler Yeats Poems; When You Are Old, The Lake Isle of Innisfree, The Wild Swans at Coole, The Second Coming and Sailing to Byzantium In many poems, short stories, plays, television shows and novels an author usually deals with a main idea in each of their works. A main reason they do this is due to the fact that they either have a strong belief in that very idea or it somehow correlates to an important piece of their life overall. For example the author ThomasRead MoreWilliam Butler Yeats Ageing Analysis1088 Words   |  5 PagesLiving (Three Messages from Sailing) Who is William Butler Yeats? William Butler Yeats is regarded as one of the finest poets of the century. Also, his return to the past as one would say has helped him to have a place in the future. He was born in Dublin, Ireland, and Yeats was educated there and in London as well. The young man was very immersed into the barren mountains, and in the mythology and the legends of Ireland. From the Poetry Foundation stated, â€Å"He belonged to the Protestant, Anglo-IrishRead MoreAnalysis on To Ireland in the Coming Times1608 Words   |  7 PagesComing Times† Yeats is known as an influential poet of the 20th century. His love and affection for Ireland and his people can be seen in many of his poems. In â€Å"To Ireland in the coming times† Yeats passion for Ireland and the revolution against Britain at the time can be seen in his writing. Ireland was undergoing a transition from a nation under British rule to a nation of its own with an identity. Many poets, Yeats included, helped fuel this revolution through their writing. Yeats theme throughRead MoreViolence And Violence In The Second Coming By William Butler Yeats1330 Words   |  6 PagesYeats wrote â€Å"The Second Coming† shortly after World War I devastated life on Earth in 1919. As Europe progressed to rebuild itself after the end of the war, the future of humanity hung in the balance as humans needed to learn from the mistakes of past generations, otherwise they would face the end of the human race. Throughout his lifetime, Yeats witnessed the degradation of the v alue of human life and man’s natural instincts of violence through the ferocious conflicts of World War I, the RussianRead More W.B. Yeats: Nationalistic Reflection in His Poetry Essay1098 Words   |  5 PagesW.B. Yeats: Nationalistic Reflection in His Poetry William Butler Yeats was an Irish poet, dramatist, and prose writer who was one of most influential poets of the Twentieth century. His talents were celebrated by scholars and activists and, in 1923, Yeats received the Nobel Prize for literature. Through his poetry, Yeats confronted the reality that felt was Oppression and Heartship for himself and his Irish brethren. Armed only with a pen, parchment, and a dissident tongue, Yeats helped toRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet 1465 Words   |  6 PagesMirror to Society Within the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare wrote what he thought to be the purpose of theatre. He defined theatre to be the actor’s ability to hold up a mirror to nature and portray what is actually happening within society. During the time of Shakespeare, the main aim in theatre was to create a night of entertainment, where society could escape from the issues of the day. However, Shakespeare’s message of reflection would take hold in the 19th-century as the primary purposeRead MoreEssay about The Collected Poems of WB Yeats1619 Words   |  7 PagesYeats, B. William. The Collected Poems of WB Yeats. New York: Macmillan, 1996. 318 The importance of this book is that it contains some of the works of poetry which were carried out by William Yeats. Arguably, the most salient feature in the book is the attempt at portraying the shift that characterized Yeats in his work, so that his works are arranged almost chronologically to underscore this standpoint. Works that depict him as a bard of the Celtic Twilight, reviving Rosicrucian symbols and legends

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Recidivism Is The Act Of Repeating An Undesirable Behavior

Recidivism is the act of repeating an undesirable behavior after numerous occasions of negative consequences. Recidivism refers to a person s relapse into criminal behavior and is measured by criminal acts that resulted in rearrest, reconviction or return to jail within a three-year period following the criminal s release. Approximately 6 in 10 released inmates are rearrested or reincarcerated within three years of release from prison (The Bureau of Planning, Research and Statistics, 2013). Many criminals go to jail after doing time because they find it hard to fit back in with the normal life due to returning to high risk places and finding a job. In order to eliminate high recidivism with the jail system, it is necessary to provide education and vocational training. Recidivism rates for drug offenders are depressingly high (Hynes). Drug addiction typically propels the criminal behavior of inmates whom recidivate soon after release. Many prisoners commit their offense while under th e influence of drugs. Recidivism rates for drug offenders are depressingly high. Rapper Gucci Mane, a lean addict whom has been arrested numerous times. He has been arrested for terroristic threats, marijuana possession, reckless driving, driving without a license, driving on the wrong side of the road, failure to maintain lane, obstruction and interference with government property, possessing a firearm as a felon, aggravated assault and assault with a deadly weapon (The many mug shots ofShow MoreRelatedEffects of Four Types of Punishment for Criminals in the American Society1680 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of four types of punishment for criminals in the American society Introduction Crime recidivism is the act of a person or persons repeating undesirable behaviors after they have either experienced consequences of the behaviors or have gone through a process of reform so as to deter them from similar acts. Since time immemorial man has had to deal with crime from the ancient medieval and to the present time. Law breakers have always been part of our society but through evolution, meansRead MoreRecidivism Is The Act Of A Person1773 Words   |  8 PagesRecidivism is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have experienced negative consequences. Recidivism refers to a person s relapse into criminal behavior and is measured by criminal acts that resulted in rearrest, reconviction or return to jail within a three-year period following the criminal s release. Approximately 6 in 10 released inmates are rearrested or reincarcerated within three years of release from prison (The Bureau of Planning, Research and Statistics, 2013)Read MoreThe Dru g Problem and the Current Justice System Essay1823 Words   |  8 Pagesrisks of todays prison environment, the concept of incarceration as punishment for drug offenders cannot be successful. Without the correct form of rehabilitation through treatment within Michigans Correctional System, drug offenders chronic recidivism will continue. Half of the ex-convicts on parole in Michigan wind up back in prison within two years. Michigans prison population fluctuates between 49,500 and 50,000 annually, costing taxpayers roughly $1.4 billion (Michigan Corrections 11)Read MoreDoes Illiteracy Affect Crime and Poverty Rates?1757 Words   |  7 Pagesyoung age could be a way to prevent crime rates from increasing. The opportunity to obtain a degree and further education while in prison helps eliminate recidivism, which is the act of repeating a crime or undesirable behaviors. Programs help inmates learn and obtain literacy, and it has shown to have a positive effect which lessens recidivism. These programs and facilities give the inmates a second chance at learning to have a positive, productive life. Those that achieve literacy while in prisonRead MoreWhy You Should Hire a Felon1937 Words   |  8 Pagesyet we deny them the opportunity. There are several laws and acts that have been put into place to keep those who have been in prison from improving their quality of life. For example, there are laws that keep people from obtaining other types of housing, forcing them to remain in public housing, if a tenant or anyone in their home has a drug conviction or has used drugs in the past. Also, an amendment to the Higher Education Act of 1998 suspended eligibility for grants, loans, and even work assistanceRead MoreIncarceration: Prison and Inmates10532 Words   |  43 Pagescorrections personnel before being assigned to a level of security. Jails usually house offenders with varying or unknown histories and propensities for violence or disciplinary problems. Jails have work programs for inmates who demonstrates good behavior. Jails are typically operated by city or county governments, and house prisoners who are being detained before trial or serving sentences less than one year. Many jails operate their booking and receiving units at a relatively high level of correctional

Essay on Shirley Jacksons The Lottery - Message of...

The Message of Social Responsibility in The Lottery Often, we paint a fairytale view of life for ourselves and our children. Sometimes, an author paints a frightfully realistic picture of life and forces us to reconsider the fairytale. In Shirley Jackson’s story, The Lottery, a town each year conducts a lottery in which the winner or looser, in this case, is stoned to death by his or her own neighbors. The tradition is supposed to uphold social structure within the town, but in order to comprehend the true meaning of the story you must be able to read between the lines. The Lottery is a story about a town that has let its traditions go too far. Also, it is clear that the story contains eye-opening facts that lead me to†¦show more content†¦The bad section gets little attention from the people trying to improve the other areas, thus making the situation worse for the bad section. No one ever questioned or fought the mayor of the town in an effort to get rid of the lottery. This is why it lasted so long. From the beginni ng of the story, it is clear that the people of the town are sacred in their traditions. Tessie Hutchinson strolls in late with not a care in the world. She, along with the townspeople, jokes around saying that they were going to miss her at this years lottery. She even states, Clean forgot what day it was (Jackson, 864). No one really seems worried that in an hour or so one of their neighbors will be stoned to death. The old worn out black box suggests that Jackson used a bit of irony to bring out the meaning of death. Black being a dark gothic color, and the oldness of the box suggests that the lottery is a tradition that has lasted for years. Old Man Warner, the town grandfather, supports the lottery and tries to make sure it lasts forever. This brings out the true meaning of Shirley Jackson’s story. Are there really towns and cities out there that actually do have old traditions similar to this? The story of The Lottery is a cry or a wake up call to everyone to step forward and stand up for what you believe in. John Walden’s critical review states that in the Bible Jesus Christ died on the cross to save us. He was killed because of his loyalty to God, notShow MoreRelatedANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesdetails of appearance often provide essential clue to character. Details of dress and physical appearance should be scrutinized closely for what they may reveal about character. Details of dress may offer clues to background, occupation, economic and social status, and perhaps, as with Robin Molineux, even a clue to the character’s degree of self-respect. Details of physical appearance can help to identify a character’s age and the general state of his physical and emotional health and well-being: whether

Life is beautiful! free essay sample

Life is beautiful, but not always. It has lots of problems you have to face everyday. Dont worry though! All these problems make you strong, it gives you courage to stand alone in future. Life is full of moments of joy, pleasure, success and comfort punctuated by misery, defeat, failures and problems. There is no human being on Earth, strong, powerful, wise or rich, who has not experienced, struggle, suffering or failure. You have to work hard to reach to the highest position. Life is full of paths, you just have to choose the right one. Life is interesting and amazing like the stars up in the skies. With no doubt, Life is beautiful and full of celebrations. However you should always be ready to face adversity and challenges. There are difficult situations in life as well.Be careful!! You might get hurt too hard. Life is sometimes too selfish to think about yourself. We will write a custom essay sample on Life is beautiful! or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then life is too hard to handle. Falling in love! People tend to fall in love nowadays but i personally think the right time has to come You might also get hurt in Love. You might be broken-hearted as the people say. Life is the place where people treat everyone differently, racism exists as well as bullying. People tend to say bad stuff behind peoples back. There are millions of people using horrible words to call people, People use people everyday. Life is not that easy in my view. Sometimes, all you want to do is sit alone and question yourself with hundred of questions . Am I ugly as the people say? Why dont i have any friends? Why is the world so hard to live in? What do i look like in other peoples eyes? Why dont i have the same colour of the skin as everyone else? :'( :'( How can i make others happy? The questions does not stop. You ask those questions over and over again. When you dont have any answers, you want to scream out loud or cry. Bullying? Racism? What are all these?, I dont understand what people get from making others unhappy and upset. Every single one of you there in the world have your own beauty. EVERYTHING IS BEAUTIFUL! So dont sit there saying im ugly say im PRETTY or HANDSOME, Damnn care about what people say. RUMORS ARE SPREADED BY HATERS, CARRIED BY FOOLS AND ACCEPTED BY IDIOT! Treat people the way they treat you! Be strong and face these saddo people around the world. Haters are always around you. but it doesnt matter cause they are the ones who make you famous. So what? If youre not beautiful, pretty, you have life and thats the most of it. Not everyone gets to live and those who do are sooo lucky! People die, life changes, people come and go but guess what you have to go with it however much it hurts . You miss people who were in your life, thats the way they remind you that they still exist in your life. I know the feeling of that, I miss my handsome uncle as well but i know we can never meet again. I know he is not here anymore, So what i will still love him the most in my life. People say forget the past, life in present and save the future for tomorrow. I think that is true, but i cannot forget my past, it has all those beautiful moments which mean the world to me. It is the hardest thing but i just try try try and try. Dont give up or lose hope on anything. Live your life however you want Have fun! Dance as much you want! Take risks.. Trust yourself. Believe in yourself. Damn care about haters! There is so much to do so stop faffing about. Life is too short to save it for tomorrow. Dont give up and Hope always! Love Forever!! Do what your heart says DREAM AS MUCH AS YOU LIKE AND MAKE IT TRUE! YOU ONLY LIVE ONCE SO MAKE THE MOST OF IT ! 3 Learn lessons from the mistakes. From this i learned awful a lot things. I started to enjoy life instead of listening to sad songs and sitting alone. Happiness came into my life but there is sadness as well. Everyday i used to dress in dull clothes now i love colours i used to hate going out of my house but guess what all these sound outside sounds attractive than sad songs. Rock music is what i listen to now, sometimes sad as well All things in life depends on what your mood and the situation.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Should We Abolish the Penny free essay sample

Instead of going to a store and seeing an item for $9. 99, it is automatically $10. 00. If taxes make an item that is $1 to $1. 06, how can you get the correct change back if the penny is eliminated? This is simply something to consider. A business would have to arrange all of their prices according to tax and elimination of the penny. If the penny is eliminated, our government had better have a good layout for businesses and banks that does not require us to spend more. Additionally, the manner in which thrifty people save their money would transform dramatically. As source B points out, people who have thousands of pennies saved up from over the years of rescuing them from the streets and from the deep, dark crevices of sofa cushions will not have the opportunity to convert these pennies into thousands of dollars. I can say this from experience because my grandma has saved every penny she has seen in a big jar since I was little and plans to give it to me for my college fund. We will write a custom essay sample on Should We Abolish the Penny? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If we abolish, as Safire calls, the â€Å"worthless, bothersome, and wasteful penny,† then my poor grandma’s sixteen year’s collection of pennies will have gone to waste. Also, the people who really need to be thrifty, the poor, will be affected the most, because they are most likely to make more frequent, smaller purchases, thus suffering the rounding up more often. Another problem that falls in this category is that of thousands of small charities that depend on penny drives to bring in donations. People think nothing of pouring out their old penny jars to support these drives, but they wont part with nickels so easily. Furthermore, the penny has intrinsic national value. Viewing Source G, one can easy observe how the penny has circulated through our society since our beloved country’s earliest days. It is an emblem of our thrift, a portrayal of one of our greatest presidents, and a hallmark of our nation’s storied past. The great symbols of our nation—The Jefferson Memorial, the Washington Monument, The White House, Mt. Rushmore—are carefully guarded and watched over. Great emphasis is placed on their preservation, for we acknowledge the value in honoring America’s relics. Should the penny be treated any differently? Ubiquitous and ordinary as it may seem, the penny is just as intrinsically valuable as all other emblems of national pride. Indeed, as documented in Source F, the federal government has already done well to secure the survival of the penny’s symbolic worth by renewing the images of Lincoln. So crucial is the penny as a mark of our national attribute of economy and a portrait of our heritage that to ban it would be to ban a feature of American life. Consequently, the penny is too valuable economically and historically to be abolished. State economics depend on it. Our past is preserved by it. And our traditions are honored by it. The penny should be preserved and honored in our economy and society.